The myrmecophilous Paederinae rove beetle genus Duffles Megastilicus Casey, 1889 from North America is reviewed based on museum specimens.Prior to this study, the genus was monotypic with one species Megastilicus formicarius Casey, 1889 described.Here, we provide a redescription of the genus and the type species, designate a lectotype, and provide
A concrete element when kept under sustained load presents progressive strain over time, associated to the creep.In reinforced concrete columns, such deformations cause the stress increase in the steel bars of the reinforcement and may induce the material to undergo the yielding phenomenon.The pioneering formulations about the creep effect, develop
Abstract Quantifying economic losses of civil infrastructures subjected to various hazards under a life-cycle context is of vital importance for risk assessment and management.In previous studies, the expected long-term loss has been Mirror Cabinet widely applied as a standard decision criterion during the life-cycle analysis.However, the expectati